Balsa wood for aeromodelling plane.

Making aircraft from balsa wood is a hobby that's fun. Did you know Aeromodelling Aircraft?

Aircraft division.
Aircraft is a tool that is made using air medium comprising:
a. Aircraft Aerodynamics, namely aircraft heavier than air (Heavier than AIR)
b. Aerostatis Aircraft, the aircraft lighter than air (LIGHTER THAN AIR)

Aircraft Aerodynamics consists of two groups: motorized and non-motorized aircraft. That motor is composed of a fixed wing (FIXED WING) and rotary wing (ROTARY WING). Winged aircraft aerodynamic motor but consists of airplanes, airplanes and amphibians. Which consists of a rotary winged Helicopter and Gyrocopter. Non-motorized aircraft aerodynamics consists of a glide plane (GLIDER), glider (sailplane) and a kite. Aerostatis aircraft consists of a dirigible and blimp.

Model Airplane division.
Basically sharing the same type of aircraft models with the actual aircraft. In general it can be distinguished as follows:

1.  Plane Model motor consisting of a fixed wing (FIXED WING) and rotary wing (ROTARY WING), there are both functioning as a sport (FLYING FUN), Trainer and Competition / Achievement.
2.  Motorized model aircraft consisting of the type of sport (FUN) and the Competition / Achievement.

There is also a model airplane is made to resemble the real plane both in the category of so-called FUN and Competition models Scale (SCALE MODEL).
For model aircraft competition / achievement standard classification have FAI (Federation Internationale Aeronatique) based in Paris, France.

Model Aircraft Classification According to the FAI. 

1.  Class F1 (Free Flight):
• F1A (Gliders A2)
• F1B (Rubber Power)
• F1C
• F1D
• F1E
• F1F
• F1G
• F1H (Glider A1)
• Chuck Glider / OHLG (On Hand Launched Glider)

2.  Class F2 (Control Line):
• F2a (CL Team Race)
• F2B (Aerobatic CL)
• f2c (CL Speed)
• F2D (Combat CL)

3.  Class F3 (Radio Control):
• F-3 A (RC Aerobatic)
• F-3 B (RC Soaring Glider)
• F-3 C (RC Helicopter)
• F-3 D (Pylon Racing)
• F-3 E (RC Electric Power)
• F-3 F (RC Slope Soaring)
• F-3 G (RC Power Glider)

4.  Class F4 (Scale Model):
• F-4 A (Free Flight Scale)
• F-4 B (CL Flying Scale)
• F-4 C (RC Flying Scale)

5.  Class F5 (Electric Model):
• F-5 A (Electric RC Aerobatic)
• F-5 B (Electric RC Glider)
• F-5 C (Electric RC Heli)
• F-5 D (Electric RC Pylon)

1.  Class F1 (Free Flight): 

One model that describes the entire principle of aerodynamics work is free-flying models.
Why this model? one of the reasons that the pilot does not have the ability to control the aircraft or model after regardless of its pilots. The aircraft lift force generated by the wing that just can not move my digerak
Furthermore, the ability of the model to continue to fly will depend on the structure and design of the design is applied .With longer able to fly in the air because there is not any good source of motive power generated by the engine and electric motor. Therefore, the model must have a high degree of accuracy and precision in aerodynamics are very high in order to fly in the air longer. Of course, supported by the expertise of its pilots in understanding weather and regulate the stability of the model.
This model can be played in the (INDOOR) or outdoor (OUTDOOR). One way is to throw a fly into the air which is popularly known as the Glider or OHLG CHUCK (Outdoor Hand Launched Glider). Good model would be able to fly more than 120 seconds (2 minutes). The form of this model is free but must have a wing area between 187.5 cm2 to 800 cm2. The beginner is strongly recommended to make this model because it will train how to cut and smooth the material as well as a basic understanding of the theory of aerodynamics. After practicing with OHLG models, usually the model maker who enjoyed free to try to fly a glider plane. This model has a wingspan of more than 150 cm. Broad wings of these models ranged between 32-34 dm 2 with a minimum weight of 410 grams.
This model was flown outside the room and usually place a broad, general air base the choice of the modeller. To bring this model into the air, the pilot will pull the rope length should not be more than 33 feet and must be completed colored flag. A helper hold the model and the pilot will turn the timer is useful to limit flight time. Good model will be on the air for 180 seconds (3 minutes) even more. When the time passed, the timer should work which will lead to the horizontal stabilizer (highlighter) on the position of the tail moves upward (VERTICAL) and thus forcing down a vertical plane like a parachute.
To achieve maximum times mentioned above is not possible simply by throwing a rope or pull models with specified along. There should be support rising air currents commonly called THERMAL. Because the pilots will try to break the model in the Thermal. Therefore, pilots had to run around the field to look for rising air column yan.
Is the thermal air movement up (vertical) because the air temperature difference as a result of geothermal radiation solar radiation. Geothermal will differ according to the state level, for example between air fields and buildings. The air above the building faster resulting in faster heat moves up

 • F1A (Gliders A2).

Definition of the model 
Model aircraft that are not equipped with propulsion (electric motor or piston) to get forward thrust and lift force (LIFT) produced only obtained from aerodynamic surfaces that are fixed (not movable)

Characteristic Model
This model has a surface area (St) 32-34 dm 2 and the weight should not be less than 410 grams. The maximum payload of 50 grams / dm 2. Maximum towing rope length with a load of 5 kg is 33 meters or 50 meters. Terms length determined by looking at the weather situation in the field and 1 day before the race and is valid until the end of the activities of this number.

Flight 

Each pilot has the right official flight on 7 occasions (first attempt greater than 20 seconds and the second attempt regardless of the outcome). Airmen are allowed to bring 1 helper to release the model. Towing rope must be separated from the model, which broadcasts and no part of the model is released. Towing rope between the participants should not be clashing. Airmen should not run too far so that the rope puller is not visible at the moment apart from the model. The committee will appoint 2 timekeeper within a radius of 10 meters in flight.

Rating Game 
Each participant has a chance 7 each flight with a maximum of 180 seconds. If there is the same amount it would be an additional cost on the round.

• Chuck Glider / OHLG (On Hand Launched Glider)

General Definitions 
Model OHLG or more often called by Chuck Glider is a model that is designed to fly freely with no power on the model that was thrown by a human hand in order to reach a certain height to begin its flight.

Model Provisions 
Free form with minimum wing area of ​​187.5 cm 2 and a maximum of 800 cm2.

Flight 
Flight conducted from the foot toss it must be grounded. Each participant is entitled to 7 official flight with the 4 best value. Each flight is only recorded up to 120 seconds (2 minutes) the rest do not. If any part of the aircraft despite the canceled flight. If the flight under 10 seconds given another chance in the round.
Recording time is done by two people appointed committee of organizers. The results are the average number recorded by the timekeeper 2. Flight time recorded since the plane out of hand and landed back on the ground, stopped flying because there is no obstacle, 10 seconds out of sight registrar.
Winners
The winner is the participant who has the highest amount of flight time of 4 best times. If not sure, then held an additional flight

2.  Class F2 (Control Line) 

What is meant by the Control Line models are model aircraft which are connected by a pair of steel wire with a handle or a U-shaped handle is gripped by the hand aviator. Such that each wire serves as the wire up and down the wire.
To model the small-sized and lightweight fishing line the fish can be used, while larger models generally use a steel wire with a diameter and length according to engine capacity and length of the wing. Generally wing length ranges from 90cm to 150cm. The capacity of the machine that is used between 2.5cc to 10 cc.
The model was flown will have a fixed distance according to the length of the rope. The circular trajectory plane where the pilot will be its axis.
The movement of the pilot's control handle is passed through the wire connector (LEAD OUT) in the bellcrank in the wing aircraft will be forwarded by the driving rod (PUSH ROD) to the flap and elevator.
By the time the wire is pulled up by the handle backward aviator elevators will then move up and vice versa. In this way the aircraft can move uphill (CLIMB) and dive (DIVE), including making circle movements (LOOP) or fly inverted (INVERTED)
Control Line models consist of several types and sizes. For beginners available simple models that have characteristics of high stability, robust and easy to manufacture.
If the novice aviators have advanced, can proceed with the build and fly the F-2B (Control Line Aerobatic) models.
Generally, this model has the ability to perform acrobatic movements or maneuvers high. Usually these models are equipped with a flap at the back of the wing. If the flap is moved to the bottom of the elevator will go up and vice versa.
The usefulness of this flap is to increase the lift force on the aircraft at low speeds. Cross-sectional shape for the wing with a strap-controlled models usually have a cross-section symmetrical wing is thicker at the top and bottom. This model has an engine capacity between 4cc to 9 cc with a maximum length of 21.5 meters rope. Generally, the modeller like models that are resistant to weather (strong winds) in this case to perform aerobatic movements like circles (LOOP) or horizontal figure 8 (EIGHT HORIZONTAL) etc.. Sesusai international standards, there are 16 official aerobatic flight in the championships.
Combat Model (F-2D) is the most attractive race number, because it has a high speed, good aerobatic capability, simple shapes. Combat flight is two pilots who flew the same model of the circular arena. Each model interesting piece of paper tape krepe .Each model will be trying to cut the ribbon so that the ribbon krepe his own and not truncated. Each cutting krepe will get the value, and the value will be reduced if violations. The capacity of the machine used shall not exceed 2.5 cc. And the second rope length should be the same aviator and a maximum of 16 meters.

• F2B (Aerobatic CL) 

General Definitions
Aircraft to fly a model in which power is obtained from the motor piston (must be less than 1) and lift force obtained from the supporting surface -permukaan models that can not be moved (except for areas like elevators rudder) during flight. Objects that are assessed maneuvers have been determined.

Model Provisions
The maximum weight of 5 kg
The maximum surface area (St) 150 DM2
The maximum payload of 100 gr / dm 2
Maximum capacity of 10cc motorcycle
Motor must be equipped with an effective noise reducer model must take-off from land

Ropes Controller 
The length should be more than 15 m but a maximum of 21.5 m measured from the handle aviator strap to the propeller shaft. Tests performed on the entire steering system, ropes and handles in a state ready to fly at 15 times the weight of the model

Flight 
The model has to be on the air (official flight) within 3 minutes
Each pilot has two top-flight business official (airs models)
If there are parts that regardless of the model of the flight is considered canceled
Airmen should bring helper 2 people
Official flight time is 7 minutes
Participants must complete the 16 maneuvers were performed sequentially
The committee will appoint a five person jury accompanied takers
Each participant is entitled to 2 times the official flight in the Qualification Round and will take the highest value
Limapeserta with the highest value of the right to enter the final round

• F2D (Combat CL) 

Definitions Match 

Combat games are games where two pieces of flying models simultaneously on the arena in a predetermined period of time with the aim of cutting each paper tape krepe (streamer) are mounted on the rear of the model. Each streamer cuts will be given the value

Definition Model 
Combat Model is a model in which the driving force is obtained from the motor as well as the style adopted resulting from aerodynamic forces acting on surfaces that can not be moved unless the field of steering

Arena match 
Combat arenas field consists of 2 (two) circle with a center that is clearly visible on the ground. Central Circle (Airmen) of radius 3 (three) meters, Circle flight model of 19 (nineteen) feet and Circle Pit (mechanical) 22 meters.

Participants game 
Pilots may carry two (2) mechanics, additional mechanical wet paper is allowed to hold krepe. During the match Pilots and mechanics need to use safety helmets with chin binder. Pilots may carry a backup 2 models along with the strap should be placed outside the center circle. The rest is left to the streamer model that falls should be moved to a backup plane ready to fly.

Characteristic Model 
Maximum surface area of ​​150 dm2. The maximum weight of 5 kg models. The maximum payload of 100 gr / dm 2. There should be no additional equipment to cut the streamer. Maximum motor capacity of 2.5 cc, when the ball bearings should have a silencer and the motor must have a binder on the axis of EAM. The model should have to put meralatan streamer and lies on the line shaft machine.

Terms Controls 
The length of the rope must equal the two fliers 15.92 m, measured from the pilot to handle propeller axis motors. Each handle must be equipped with a safety strap (SAFETY STRAP). Each start the game, power cords and steering system will be tested.

Rating Game 
The entire time the game was 5 minutes. 1 min The first models had to be alive and if that fails then declared lost. After a life model, the model must be flown after the sign was given by the head of the match (The Second). Where to 2 models already on the air, then the game will give leaders a sign that the battle to begin. Generally involved jury consists of a jury time, streamer, mechanics, pilots circle jury.
Each streamer cuts will have value, including flight time. The cut value is 100, for flight time will be given a value of 1 for every second. If the model of cutting the thread, not the paper it does not have value. The model without a streamer fly because apart will be fined 100 and must be landed. The end result is the number of components of existing values ​​are reduced by the violations committed by pilots and mechanics during the official flight took place.
The system matches are arranged usually on an agreement on the technical meeting before the game starts. Airmen can be declared failed (disqualification) when the machine model is not living in a time of 2 minutes, attacking the opponent models instead of paper tape or attacking his opponent krepe aviator.

3.  Class F3 (Radio Control) 

One of the models that have the technology and skills are the highest-controlled aircraft with radio waves (RADIO CONTROL). The most common example in daily life can be seen which is an electronic Remote Control for TV or video laser. With the help of these tools we can change our programs without having to move from his spot.
The principle is similar to radio-controlled models. In this type of pilot and aircraft are physically not in direct contact with intermediaries but radio waves to change direction, movement and speed of the model. During the flight the pilot was on land.
Airmen itself through the transmitter set model (TRANSMITTER) that has several channels (CHANNEL).
As for those channels each have their uses, among others, to control up and down the plane, determine the spin machine, turn the plane and there are several other functions that are tailored to the needs of the ability of the model aircraft.
Waves sent by the pilot on the ground through the channels of the equipment was received by the receiver (RECEIVER) on aircraft models, and then forwarded to the parts of the plane through the servo controller. This equipment is connected directly to the receiver via the cable.
Each servo is connected to the control-plane gets through the driving rod (PUSH ROD). The driver of the rod will channel servo motion controllers to regulate the field and aircraft such as aileron rudder (ailerons) on my
Models in this category there are 2 of the fixed wing (FIXED WING) general kind as the pad plane and rotary winged (ROTARY WING) or more popularly known HELICOPTER
Generally for beginners can use the model train (TRAINER RC), where the aircraft has a high degree of stability and a high lift besides simple in its use.
For this model, usually beginners are taught how to go up and down, turn and set up the spin machine. Currently there are two types of machines are commonly used that machine 2 steps and 4 steps. 4 stroke engines have a characteristic round lower but the power generated is greater. Usually used for aerobatic models.
Channel number (CHANNEL) this model is not too much, so that the pilot can easily understand the basic functions and capabilities of the radio control aircraft.
For a more advanced level used AEROBARTIC Radio Control model aircraft, aircraft movements to offset the more varied, the number of channels used more associated with additional control fields that are not needed at beginner model.
Another type uses radio as a means of controlling is the model gliders (Soaring GLIDER). In this case, the model is pulled by a rope 30 meters long as kite flying, then released. The aircraft will fly freely for controlled pilots.

• F-3 A (RC Aerobatic) 

Definition of the model
Controlled model aircraft aerodynamics through the steering fields to change the direction, speed and movement through radio waves by pilots on the ground.

Characteristic Model 
This model has a maximum wingspan of 2 meters, 2 meters long body with a total weight of 5 kg without fuel. Engine capacity is not limited, but the use is restricted 42-volt electric motor. All types of electronic control that works automatically prohibited.

Flight 
Airmen are allowed to bring one person mechanic who can also be held by the Manager. Two assistants can be present to start the engine and put the aircraft in takeoff position or off. Airmen entitled to one official flight attempt in which the results will be recorded regardless of the outcome. Airmen must complete the maneuver as much as 23 movement sequence. The committee will appoint a jury consisting of 5 people. If there is a detached part of the model, the flight should be terminated and the aircraft landed. Models must use wheel pendaratnya to stay and take off, not allowed to be thrown (HAND Launched). Airmen were given 10 minutes to complete the movement.
Rating Game
Each participant will be given the opportunity to carry out 3 flights in the allowance and the 2 best value will be used rank the participants. Five participants with the best value will go into the final round. In the final match, aviators have 2 opportunities to determine the champion.

• F-3 C (RC Helicopter) 

Definition of the model
Model aircraft heavier than air that gets lift from blades that rotate on a vertical axis and the aerodynamic steering through the fields to change the direction, speed and movement through radio waves by pilots on the ground.

Characteristic Model 
This model has a wide area of ​​the main rotor rotation should not exceed 300 DM2. For helicopters that have more than one rotor at different spindle vertical extent of the building can not exceed 300 DM2. The maximum weight of 6 kg models. The maximum engine capacity for the motor 2 step is 10 cc, 4 stroke motors are 20 cc. The use of limited 42-volt electric motor. All types of electronic control that works automatically prohibited. The main rotor blades (MAIN ROTOR) or the back (TAIL ROTOR) should not be made of metal.

Flight 
Airmen are allowed to bring one person mechanic who should announce at the start, finish and the name of each maneuver is performed. The maneuver must be done sequentially by 9 movement. The total flight time is 9 minutes. Mechanics may also explain the direction of the wind, the flight ban. Mechanical position can also be held by the Manager. Penenrbang allowed to take 2 model where the only allowed to be exchanged in the start box. If there is a detached part of the model, the flight should be terminated and the aircraft landed. The committee will appoint a jury consisting of 5 people.

Rating Game 
Each participant will be given the opportunity to carry out 3 flights in the allowance and the 2 best value will be used rank the participants. Five participants with the best value will go into the final round. In the final match, aviators have 2 opportunities to determine the champion.

4. Class F4 (Scale Model) 

Many years the modeller always develop in the aeromodelling hobby, one of which is to create a model that is a replica of the actual aircraft. The aircraft can be flown there or not, just as a miniature. At first, a model made of wood of choice, but after that the plastic material of choice.
It is most easily found for this model what if we went to the travel agency and tour. Usually they have a commercial aircraft models that provide air transport services. One example is the Airbus A-300 or Boeing 737
The beauty of this type of models is aeromodeller can create duplicate or clone of existing aircraft types. Its size depends on the type of aircraft that will be made by the modeller. Into consideration include labor costs, raw material costs, warehouse storage.
Many of the production is done as a home industry with raw materials of balsa wood. Balsa wood of choice is widely used because it is easily formed, cut or carved.
Usually the base material is shaped balsa beams. Then on the side of the fuselage side view drawn into a profile. Furthermore, use of electric cutting machine that follows the shape of the aircraft, after which the top is done as before. Other aircraft parts such as tails, wings and vertical fins also follows the same way of working.
The growth of large plastic industry enables the creation of this model in bulk.
The resulting model is also very diverse, ranging types of aircraft of World War I to the current model. In Indonesia, a few years ago might still be our memory is TAMIYA toy products. Several types of fighter aircraft such as the F-15, F-16 and B-29 bombers can be obtained in the market.
Scale model that can be flown also an exciting challenge for the aeromodeller. The aircraft can be controlled by radio or fly freely. Some classical models of choice, such as the P-51 Mustang and F-16. The plane has a level of resolution and accuracy in shape.

Balsa wood has different characteristics with plastic. Make your own balsa model aircraft with more fun and satisfying. Of course also more environmentally friendly. In Indonesia you can find balsa wood model planes for materials in hobby stores or online shop.

5.  Class F5 (Electric RC) 

One of the models that are popular today are electric powered models
(Electric power). The electric power obtained from the dynamo. For the electrical source can be from dry batteries (DRY CELL) which can be recharged (RECHARGEABLE).
Dynamo is connected to a shaft which in the end there is a propeller (PROPELLER) to produce a forward force. This model is controlled by pilots via radio (RADIO CONTROL)
Lately, this electric-powered models are increasingly popular, one reason is the modeller do not bother to clean the plane because there was no fuel (FUEL) remaining in the models. Besides, the power generated is quite large because the acceleration is channeled not much is lost due to a mechanical effect of the motor. If the engine model, the resulting performance is highly dependent on the quality of the fuel and air mixture that goes into the motor.
Currently, electric-powered motor can be found on the model helicopter with a maximum capacity of 42 Volt power is limited. In the free-flying aircraft (FREE FLIGHT) as the Glider models, power is usually used to achieve a certain height, after the motor is switched off and the model will be controlled search for hot air rising (THERMAL).
General characteristics of this model is a light weight and simple construction. Models are usually made of plastic foam (STYROFOAM), it is readily found if we buy electronic equipment such as TVs, which are used for shock protection.
Thank you for reading this article. Written and posted by Bambang Sunarno. sunarnobambang86@gmail.com 
author:
http://schema.org/Personal.
https://plus.google.com/105319704331231770941.
name: Bambang Sunarno. 
http://centryblog.blogspot.com/2014/09/balsa-wood-for-aeromodelling-plane.html
DatePublished: September 15, 2014 at 14:03
Tag : Balsa wood for aeromodelling plane.